Jump to: human-wildlife coexistence | carnivore ecology | biodiversity conservation
human-wildlife coexistence
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Expanding human populations, shrinking habitats and, in some places, recovering wildlife lead people and animals to interact. Especially with carnivores, contact can lead to conflict when animals threaten human safety or livelihoods. The human communities living alongside wildlife are commonly socially or financially vulnerable and isolated from management innovation, leading them to rely on cheap, fast and often lethal forms of predator control that cause wildlife declines and only temporary solutions. Dr. Miller's research is advancing tools and theories for enabling people and wildlife to sustainable coexistence in three areas:
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Research highlights:
- Human perceptions mirror realities of carnivore attack risk for livestock: implications of mitigating human-carnivore conflict in PLOS One (2016)
- Ecological framework for contextualizing carnivore-livestock conflict in Conservation Biology (in press)
- The best available science for preventing carnivore predation on livestock in PLOS Biology (2018)
Carnivore ecology
Predators play vital roles roles in driving ecosystem structure and function. By affecting the behavior, distribution and mortality of prey and other predators, carnivores shape the trophic interactions that comprise food webs. Predator effects can be anticipated based on functional traits of the species, such as an its hunting mode (e.g., active vs stalking), or characteristics of the individual, such as its age or life stage (e.g., dispersing or nursing). Understanding how these attributes translate into behavior and ultimately ecological interactions can provide insights for more effectively managing wildlife, especially in the face of human activity and pressures. Dr. Miller's research on carnivore ecology and behavior is revealing new information on interspecific relationships with prey and other predators, and how these interactions in turn influence food webs and our approaches for management.
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Research highlights:
- Lions and leopards show no spatial, temporal or demographic consequences of interspecific competition in Journal of Animal Ecology (2018)
- Caching reduces kleoptoparasitism in a solitary, large felid in Journal of Animal Ecology (2017)
- Fear on the move: predator hunting mode predicts variation in prey mortality and plasticity in prey spatial response in Journal of Animal Ecology (2013)
Biodiversity conservation
People have transformed the planet's land, sea and climate to the extent that biodiversity is declining faster than ever before in human history. We need innovative solutions that are effective across species and scale-able across systems. Given the limited resources in conservation, we need to prioritize goals, optimize partnerships and evaluate outcomes to ensure we save what matters most. And to achieve long-term, sustainable solutions desirable by communities, we must collaborate with non-traditional stakeholders to integrate local values and beliefs into conservation approaches. Dr. Miller's research explores the drivers of species declines and the solutions to conserve our planet's most threatened species, addressing topics such as:
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Research highlights:
- The price of protection: More than $1 billion needed annually to secure Africa's protected areas with lions in PNAS (2018)
- Nature divided, scientists united: U.S.-Mexico border wall threatens biodiversity and binational conservation in BioScience (2018)
- Aging traits and sustainable trophy hunting of African lions in Biological Conservation (2016)
